1- The os.getlogin() method
os.getlogin (): returns the current user name. Example. Python program that returns the username:
import os
user = os.getlogin ()
print (user) # prints the username
2-The os.mkdir() method
os.mkdir(path): creates a directory corresponding to the specified path. Example. creation of a folder at the root of the disk C:\
import os
os.mkdir ("c:/myFolder") # creates a folder named myFolder on disk C:\
3- The os.getcwd() method
os.getcwd(): returns the current directory as a string character. Example:
import os
current_dir = os.getcwd ()
print (current_ rep) # returns the current directory
4- The os.path method
In order to use the os.path method, you must first import the pathlib module. The pathlib module is a module with an object-oriented interface included in python since 3.4 version with very intuitive methods allowing to interact with the file system in a simple and user-friendly way.4.1- Test if a directory exists with the os.path.exist() method
The os.path.exist() method is used to test whether a directory exists or not Example. test the existence of a directory
import os
from pathlib import Path
print (os.path.exists( "c:/users/"))
#display True
# ---------------------------
# We can also use
print(not os.path.exists("c:/users/"))
#display false
4.2- Test if a path is a directory or a file with the is_dir() and is_file() methods.
To test the nature of a path if it is a directory or a file, we use the is_dir() and is_file() methods:Example
import os
from pathlib import Path
myDirectory = "C:/Users"
p = Path(myDirectory)
print(p.is_dir()) # displays True
print(p.is_file()) # display False
Example
import os
from pathlib import Path
myDirectory = "C:/Windows/system.ini"
p = Path(myDirectory)
print (p.is_dir()) # display False
print (p.is_file()) # displays True
4.3- Find the absolute path using the absolute() method
The absolute() method returns the absolute path of the file that contains the python code. We will make a small test by creating a python file which contains the code below and save it on the desktop:Example.
# find absolute path
import os
from pathlib import Path
myDirectory = "."
p = Path (myDirectory)
print (p.absolute ())
# Displays: "C:\Users\acer\Desktop"
4.3- Determination of the absolute path using the absolute() method
The absolute() method returns the absolute path of the file that contains the python code. We will give a small test by creating a python file which contains the code below and save it on the desktop:Example.
# find absolute path
import os
from pathlib import Path
myDirectory = "."
p = Path (myDirectory)
print (p.absolute ())
# Displays: "C:/Users/acer/Desktop"
4.4- Transform a path into an uri address with the as_uri() method
The as_uri() method is used to transform a path into uri (uniform resource identifier) Examplefrom pathlib import Path
myDirectory = "C:/Users/Public/Videos/Sample Videos/Wildlife.wmv"
p = Path (myDirectory)
print (p.as_uri())
# Displays: file: ///C:/Users/Public/Videos/Sample%20Videos/Wildlife.wmv
4.5 Obtaining the path of the parent folder with the parent method
The parent() method returns the parent folder of an existing folder: Example. parent folderfrom pathlib import Path
myDirectory = "C:/Users/Public/"
p = Path (myDirectory)
print (p.parent) # Displays 'C:/Users'
# parent also returns the parent folder of a file
myDirectory = "C:/Users/Public/Videos/Sample Videos/Wildlife.wmv"
p = Path (myDirectory)
print (p.parent) # Displays 'C:/Users/Public/Videos/Sample Videos'
4.6- Retrieving the contents of a folder with the scandir() method applied to the Path() method
By applying the scandir() method to the Path() method, you can get the contents of a folder: Example: retrieving the contents of the directory 'C:/Users'
from pathlib import Path
import os
mydirectory = "c:/users"
p = Path (myDirectory)
for x in os.scandir (p):
print (x)
Which displays:4.7 Display all files with a specific extension via the glob() method
The glob() method is one of the methods of the Path object used to display the list of files with a given extension: Example: display of .dll libraries in the 'C:/Windows' directory
from pathlib import Path
p = Path ('C: / Windows /')
for f in list (p.glob ('** / *. dll')):
print (f)
Note
For more details on the Path module see the official documentation: https://docs.python.org/3.0/library/os.path.html
Younes Derfoufi
my-courses.net
my-courses.net
No comments:
Post a Comment